İklimsel Değişikliklerin Siirt İlinde Fıstık (Pistacia Vera L.) Üretimi Üzerine Etkisi.

Abstract

Due to its specific climatic requirements of pistachio can be cultivated in specific regions across the world. Iran is the world’s largest pistachio producer followed by the United States of America and Turkey. Pistachio production in Turkey is mostly carried out in the South-Eastern Anatolia region of the country. The total number of Pistachio trees in Turkey are 59.762.816 million and production is 170.000 tons. 10 % of Turkey's pistachio tree and 8,5 % of production are in Siirt province. After the Southeastern Anatolia Plain, Siirt region is rising and the eastern and northern sections receive plenty of rainfall. For this reason, the South Mountains of Muş from the north and the provincial area surrounded by the Eastern Mountains of Siirt in the east constitute one of the important water collection areas of the Tigris River. The entire territory of the province is included in the Tigris Basin.The basin is the fourth largest water collection area in the country after the Euphrates, Kızılırmak and Sakarya Basins. The most important water resources of the region are Botan, Resinan, Garzan, Kezer and Başur. Large water collection areas, such as the Ilisu dam, which is under construction on these water sources, will have significant impacts on the ecology of the region. Pistachio, is the most important economic product grown in the region of Siirt. It is thought that Pistachio cultivation will be affected by this ecological change. It is possible that Pistachio cannot meet the need for coldening as a result of the increase in the relative humidity of the weather in the spring and summer periods, inadequate fertilization during pollination periods with moist air or diseases like septoria are likely to cause epidemics. As a result, in this study, the possible effects of climatic changes in Siirt region on Pistachio growing are emphasized.