Effect of omega-3 fatty acid on contrast-induced nephropathy

Abstract

Renal failure that develops acutely after the use of iodinated contrast material is called “contrast-induced nephropathy”. It is a complication with high morbidity and mortality risk. Current treatments are aimed at protecting kidney functions, new treatment methods are being researched. This study aims to demonstrate the therapeutic effects of omega-3 fatty acids on CIN, taking into account the possible clinical usage of iodinated contrast media and the benefits of omega-3 fatty acids. Methods. A total of 30 rats were studied, divided into four groups. Only saline was administered by gavage to group 1, only IV urography to group 2, only 400 mg omega-3 to group 3, and urography and 400 mg omega-3 to group 4. At the end of the study, kidney tissue and serum oxidative and antioxidant markers, and creatinine levels were analyzed. Result. While the degrees of glutathione peroxidase, catalase and total antioxidant capacity in kidney tissue and serum tests of rats treated with omega-3 fatty acid increased statistically; total oxidant capacity and malondialdehyde levels were found to be significantly lower. Furthermore, blood urea nitrogen and creatinine levels were found to be significantly lower in the omega-3 treated group. Conclusion. Omega-3 fatty acids had therapeutic effects in the experimental CIN model. As a result, we believe omega-3 fatty acids can be used as an alternative to existing supportive medicines in this common disease with few therapy options. © G. Bolatli, M. Ulusoy, F. Tas, N. O. Alayunt, I. Zarasiz, 2021. All rights reserved.