Managing the Integration of Building Information Modelling (BIM) and Lean Construction (LC)

Abstract

This study reviews the required competencies needed for managing the implementation of 9D Building Information Modelling (BIM). Due to the limited research on 9D BIM, there is a lack of knowledge on how to effectively manage its integration. The study aligns with several Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by promoting innovative, efficient, and sustainable building practices. This research aims to identify the competencies required for managing the implementation of 9D BIM, which was the integration of Lean principles into BIM, to provide data for organizations in kick-starting their 9D BIM implementation. This study contributes to construction industry by raising awareness of 9D BIM among Malaysian constructors and provide more effective practices and strategies for sustainable development in construction projects. Given the rarity of literature on the 9D BIM methodologies, this study analyzes the required competencies by examining and evaluating the management of BIM and LC separately. The study concludes that the key competencies for managing 9D BIM implementation to include Leadership and Visionary Integration, Culture Integration and Change Management, Communication and Stakeholder Engagement, Problem-Solving and Continuous Improvement, Organizational Sustainability and Performance Measurement, Regulatory Compliance and Standards Management, Interpersonal Skills and Collaboration Across Disciplines, Futures Thinking and Values Alignment, Integrated Problem-Solving Across Disciplines, and Training and Development for Integrated Competencies. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.