Numerical framework of hybrid nanofluid over two horizontal parallel plates with non-linear thermal radiation

Abstract

Significance of study: High combustion temperatures necessitate appropriate cooling systems in the combustion process. Regenerative cooling is used in the majority of chambers in liquid propellant engines. The addition of nanoparticles to the cooling fluid is a novel technique to increase the efficiency of heat transfer in the regenerative cooling process. Aim of the study: In this investigation, we investigate the two-dimensional flow of the hybrid nanofluid with suction/injection effect over two horizontal parallel plates. The non-linear thermal radiation effect is measured in the model of a hybrid nanofluid. Here we use single-walled carbon nanotubes, multi-walled carbon nanotubes, nickel-zinc iron oxide, and manganese zinc iron oxide with base fluid engine oil. The effects of different shape factors (Sphere, Bricks, Cylinder, Platelets, Column, and Lamina)are also incorporated. Research methodology: Using appropriate similarity transformations, the controlling partial differential equations are transformed into ordinary differential equations. Using the shooting strategy, the transformed higher-order ordinary differential equations are converted to first-order ordinary differential equations, and the Bvp4c built-in function in MATLAB is used to produce the numerical and graphical results of the flow parameter. Conclusion: The velocity profile is decreased by the increasing values of the suction/injection parameter. The temperature distribution profile declined for the higher values of the temperature ratio parameter. The combination of nickel zinc iron oxide and carbon nanotube nanomaterials to engine oil as a cooling fluid enhanced the heat transfer coefficient. According to the findings, carbon nanotubes outperform nickel zinc iron oxide nanoparticles in terms of increasing heat transfer coefficient and improving regenerative cooling. © 2023 The Author(s)