PASSIVE CONTROL OF MHD MAXWELL NANOFLUID-FLOW WITH THERMAL RADIATION OVER A STRETCHING SURFACE Modelling and Simulation

Abstract

The transport of energy via nanoparticles remains a crucial research domain in modern technological and industrial advancements. This study investigates the boundary-driven Maxwell nanofluid-flow over a magnetized stretched sheet while incorporating the Cattaneo-Christov heat flux model, which versions for thermal relaxation effects. Unlike the classical Fourier heat conduction model, the Cattaneo-Christov formulation considers thermal interval, making it more suitable for high speed and microscale heat transfer applications. The convection process is analyzed within the framework of mass and energy transportation. The governing eqs remain converted into a non-dimensional form, and the bvp4c numerical scheme is employed to obtain solutions. Graphical illustrations provide insights into the effect of key parameters on temperature, concentration, and microorganism profiles. A rise in the thermal relaxation parameter slows down the heat transfer process, reducing the temperature distribution and enhancing thermal resistance. The concentration profile initially rises with an increasing relaxation parameter due to rapid structural adaptation but later declines as reaction kinetics dominate. Additionally, an increase in activation energy, E, lowers the concentration of reactants due to higher energy requirements for diffusion and reaction processes. The density of microorganisms is augmented with increasing Deborah and magnetic number values, while thermophoresis and bioconvection effects contribute to temperature enhancement. These findings provide valuable insights into heat and mass transfer mechanisms in nanofluid systems, with potential applications in industrial, biomedical, and energy transport sectors.