The Effect of Sowing Time and Seed Vernelisation on Nutrient Composition of Wheat Grain and Straw

Abstract

Wheat, which was domesticated at the beginning of agriculture, continues to be the most important source of energy and macro-and micronutrients in the nutrition of humans and animals. Affordable and easily accessible cereal crops are the primary source of nutrient deficiencies, particularly in underdeveloped countries. Therefore, it is important to determine the varieties with high macro-and micronutrient content of grain and straw in terms of human and animal nutrition. In this study, the effects of winter sowing and spring sowing and vernalization application to seed in spring sowing on the nutrient content of grain and straw were investigated. While thousand-grain weight decreased in spring sowing, macro-and micronutrients gave different responses. In spring sowing, vernalization application caused a decrease in P, Cu, Mn, Fe, and Zn ratios. In terms of macro-and micronutrient contents, Akba & scedil;ak, Dumlup & imath;nar, and Tosunbey varieties were generally above the average, while S & ouml;nmez, Kayra, Basribey, and & Ccedil;-1252 varieties were below the average. In terms of straw nutrient contents, K, Ca, and Mg contents were found to be the highest in winter sowings, while N, P, Cu, Mn, Fe, and Zn were found to be the lowest. Straw nutrient contents of the varieties were found to be above average in Akba & scedil;ak, Dumlup & imath;nar, and Tosunbey varieties and below average in S & ouml;nmez, Kayra, Basribey, and & Ccedil;-1252 varieties. As a result, the nutrient content of wheat and straw, which are essential for human and animal nutrition, varies as a function of variety, sowing time, and vernalization practices. In late sowing, an aim-based combination of the treatments should be practiced.