Unusual Couplets Created Through Letter and Word Plays in Arabic Literature

In classical Arabic literature, which has a deep-rooted history of language and literature, in addition to poems written in traditional style, a wide range of works in many different forms and genres were produced. Aiming to evoke different thoughts and effects in the soul and mind of the interlocutor, to surprise and even to make him question his current mentality; These poems, which push the boundaries of the language, present unexpected images and ideas, and contain extraordinary couplets written outside the known patterns, have played a leading role in showing the subtleties and richness of the language. Such skills based on stacking and combining, which can also be called the art of drawing poetry with letters, emphasizing the combination or pronunciation of words, are usually designed to demonstrate the dexterity, knowledge and skills of poets, such skills based on stacking. The combination of letters can be called the architecture of the word, and its visuality can be called letter engineering. It has the characteristics of an exhibition in which it is presented with measure and rhyme. This feature of the Arabic alphabet, which has various writing styles and is suitable for various forms of compositions, not only enabled the creation of different meanings and interesting arts with letters or words, but also inspired the creation of works that sometimes emphasized the shape of the letters rather than the sound and meaning they expressed. In the works on Arabic Language and Rhetoric, the arts organized with letters and words are sometimes mentioned without classification, sometimes in the section of bed & icirc;', which is a branch of the science of rhetoric, and sometimes under the title of verbal arts included in rhetoric. While some of these literary products including letter or word games are simple and clear, others have a complex structure that requires knowledge, skill and intelligence. This study, which examines extraordinary couplets created with letter and word games, consists of two parts. In the first part; couplets formed with words consisting of only dotted or only dotless letters, couplets formed with words consisting of one letter and one letter without dots, couplets formed with adjacent or non-adjacent letters and interesting examples of letter games such as Palindromes, tajn & icirc;s, "dil deprenmez"s (Words that the tongue does not move when pronounced) and visual poetry are mentioned. The second section deals with couplets composed and formed in a way that can be called "word play". In this section; couplets consisting of words that are read in the same way from right to left and from top to bottom, couplets that mean one thing when read from left to right and another when read from right to left, interesting couplets created with arts such as the repetition or division of words with similar or identical sounds are analyzed.The poems and couplets analyzed in this study have unusual features that transcend the usual patterns. These products, which go beyond traditional forms, have interesting and different qualities in terms of meaning and content as well as various compositions, sound and letter games, and different forms of recitation. The majority of the analyzed couplets consist of the parts that are seen in the structure of the letters and called "letter play". The study of extraordinary couplets in Arabic literature provides important information about the richness, depth and flexibility of this language and culture. These couplets prove that the Arabic language is not only a medium of communication, but also a powerful means of artistic and intellectual expression.