Trace element and mineral levels in tissues of selected Capoeta fish species collected from Botan River, Siirt

Abstract

The aim of this study was to analyze and assess the level of elements (Cr, As, Fe, Co, Cd, Pb, Cu, Ni, Mn, Zn, Mg) in tissues (liver, brain, muscles, gills) of four freshwater Capoeta species collected in Botan River, Siirt Province, Turkiye. In addition, the potential human health risk of consumption of four fish species, in terms of Cd and Pb values was evaluated considering the EDI and THQ in adults, and to estimate the relations between the the metals and tissues. The elements were measured with an Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometer (ICP-OES). The levels of Pb and Cd in the muscle tissue samples for four fish species varied from 4.28 +/- 0.35 to 5.36 +/- 0.41 mu mol/kg wet wt and 0.74 +/- 0.085 to 0.90 +/- 0.070 mu mol/kg wet wt. A significant correlation between liver-gill and muscle-gill was observed in Capoeta capoeta for Cd (r = 0.886; p = 0.019) and (r = 0.829; p = 0.042). Moreover, association between liver-gill was observed for Pb in Capoeta umbla (r = 0.899; p = 0.037). In our study, we showed that As, Cu, Fe, Ni, Mn, Zn and Cr concentrations in the muscle samples of the four fish species is quite below the maximum acceptable limit. The results showed that EDI values of Pb and Cd in four fish species was low compared to TDI level. It was concluded that the consumption of fish species could not cause a significant health hazard at present, although Pb value were slightly higher than the legal limits allowed consumption. It is important to continuous monitoring of metal contamination in the Botan River.